(REVIEW ARTICLE IN INTERNATIONAL AYURVEDIC MEDICAL JOURNAL):
DM is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiology, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. In Ayurveda, this condition can be explained as madhumeha. It is one of the types of prameha where the patient passes honey-like sweet urine (raised level of sugar in urine and hyperglycemia). In this disorder, long term complications are:
Metabolic complications like ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma.
Infective – bacterial and fungal infections of the skin, mucosa, soft tissue bone, urinary tract, and lungs.
Atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease.
Cerebrovascular disease and peripheral vascular disease.
Diabetic ulcer (diabetic foot).
Microangiopathy.
Retinopathy related to the eye.
Neuropathy (poly, mono, and autonomic).
Nephropathy related to kidney.
Therapy complications include hypoglycemia, insulin resistance, insulin allergy, lipodystrophy, lactic acidosis.
Maternal and foetal disorder in GDM (gestational diabetes mellitus).